Under India’s Consumer Protection Act (CPA), consumer forums (District, State, National Commissions) have inherent powers to recall or set aside their own orders, especially for ex-parte decisions (passed without one party present) in the interest of justice, or when there’s an error apparent on the face of the record (like a fundamental mistake), though this power isn’t for routine re-arguments. The newer 2019 Act also established the Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) with specific powers to order product recalls for hazardous goods. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 

Recall of Order- Consumer Court Lawyer


Power to Recall/Set Aside Orders by Commissions

• Ex-Parte Orders: The Consumer Protection Act, 2019 (and previously Section 22A of the 1986 Act) allows an aggrieved party to apply to the Commission (especially the National Commission) to set aside an ex-parte order for justice.
• Error Apparent on Face of Record: The National Commission also has the power to review its own orders if there’s a clear mistake in the record, say rmlnlawreview.com.
• Grounds for Recall (General Tribunal Powers): Tribunals can recall orders if there’s lack of jurisdiction, fraud, collusion, or if a necessary party wasn’t served, but not just because a party missed their chance to appeal. [1, 2, 4] 

Product Recall by Central Authority (CCPA)

• Section 20 of CPA 2019: The Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) can investigate violations and order manufacturers to recall goods that are dangerous, hazardous, or unsafe, http://www.consumerprotection.in.
• Hearing Opportunity: The CCPA must give the person an opportunity to be heard before passing such an order, http://www.consumerprotection.in. [3, 5, 6] 

Key Differences & Limitations

• Agency Specific: The power to set aside ex-parte orders was specifically granted to the National Commission initially, though the 2019 Act broadened some provisions.
• Not for Re-Argument: These powers are not for re-opening cases where parties had a chance to present their arguments but didn’t. [1, 2, 4] 

In essence, consumers or businesses can seek recall of orders under specific circumstances, while the CCPA ensures dangerous products are removed from the market. [3, 5] 

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[1] https://ibclaw.in/inherent-power-of-the-tribunals-can-they-recall-their-own-orders-by-by-adv-amir-bavani-adv-rishika-kumar-divya-k-ab-legal/
[2] https://rmlnlulawreview.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/1.-examining-the-power-of-consumer-dispute-redressal-agencies-to-recall-and-review-orders-legal-position-and-possible-reforms.pdf
[3] https://www.consumerprotection.in/section-20-power-of-central-authority-to-recall-goods-etc/
[4] https://indiankanoon.org/doc/96217234/
[5] https://amlegals.com/roduct-recall-under-various-laws-iii/
[6] https://nyaytantra.com/appeal-against-ccpa-order/